041&042－Penny's Bag
Audio & Text（音频及原文）
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Vocabulary (词汇)
1. Tin /tɪn/ (n.): 金属罐，用来装食品或其他物品的容器。
A tin of tobacco.
2. Tobacco /təˈbækoʊ/ (n.): 烟草，一种常见的可制成香烟的植物。
Is that tin of tobacco for me?
3. Loaf /loʊf/ (n.): 一条（面包），通常用来表示面包的单位。
A loaf of bread.
4. Bar /bɑːr/ (n.): 一块（肥皂或巧克力等），表示这些物品的单位。
A bar of soap.
5. Quarter /ˈkwɔːrtər/ (n.): 四分之一，常用来表示重量或比例。
A quarter of a pound of tea.
Grammar (语法)
1. 使用冠词和量词描述不可数名词
冠词规则：
-
“a” 和 “an” 只能修饰可数名词单数。
- ✅ A tin of tobacco.
- ❌ A tobacco. （tobacco 是不可数名词，不能直接用 “a” 修饰）
-
不可数名词通常需要量词来限定数量。
- ✅ A loaf of bread.
- ✅ A bar of soap.
- ✅ A piece of cheese.
常用量词：
| 量词短语 | 示例 | 中文意思 |
|---|---|---|
| A piece of | A piece of cheese | 一块奶酪 |
| A loaf of | A loaf of bread | 一条面包 |
| A bar of | A bar of chocolate | 一块巧克力 |
| A bottle of | A bottle of milk | 一瓶牛奶 |
| A tin of | A tin of tobacco | 一罐烟草 |
| A pound of | A pound of sugar | 一磅糖 |
| Half a pound of | Half a pound of coffee | 半磅咖啡 |
| A quarter of a pound of | A quarter of a pound of tea | 四分之一磅的茶 |
2. 冠词“a/an”使用的基本规则
-
用于单数可数名词前，表示一个或一个单位。
- ✅ A bag.
- ✅ A tin.
-
不用于不可数名词。
- ❌ A bread.
- ❌ A tobacco.
3. 表示单位和容器的量词
量词如 loaf、bar、tin 等常用来表示不可数名词的具体单位或容器。
- ✅ A loaf of bread. （一条面包）
- ✅ A tin of tobacco. （一罐烟草）
- ✅ A bar of chocolate. （一块巧克力）
Extension (扩展)
1. 常见不可数名词与量词搭配
| 不可数名词 | 常用量词 | 示例 | 中文翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bread | A loaf, a piece | A loaf of bread. | 一条面包 |
| A piece of bread. | 一片面包 | ||
| Milk | A bottle, a glass | A bottle of milk. | 一瓶牛奶 |
| A glass of milk. | 一杯牛奶 | ||
| Chocolate | A bar, a piece | A bar of chocolate. | 一块巧克力 |
| A piece of chocolate. | 一小块巧克力 | ||
| Sugar | A pound, a spoonful | A pound of sugar. | 一磅糖 |
| A spoonful of sugar. | 一勺糖 | ||
| Tea | A quarter, a bag | A quarter of a pound of tea. | 四分之一磅的茶叶 |
| A bag of tea. | 一袋茶叶 |
2. 常见量词的示例
| 量词 | 常用搭配的名词 | 示例 | 中文翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| A loaf of | Bread | A loaf of bread. | 一条面包 |
| A bar of | Soap, Chocolate | A bar of soap. | 一块肥皂 |
| A bar of chocolate. | 一块巧克力 | ||
| A bottle of | Milk, Water, Wine | A bottle of milk. | 一瓶牛奶 |
| A bottle of water. | 一瓶水 | ||
| A piece of | Bread, Paper, Advice | A piece of bread. | 一片面包 |
| A piece of paper. | 一张纸 | ||
| A piece of advice. | 一条建议 | ||
| A spoonful of | Sugar, Salt, Medicine | A spoonful of sugar. | 一勺糖 |
| A spoonful of medicine. | 一勺药 | ||
| A bag of | Tea, Rice | A bag of tea. | 一袋茶叶 |
| A bag of rice. | 一袋米 | ||
| A glass of | Milk, Water, Juice | A glass of milk. | 一杯牛奶 |
| A glass of juice. | 一杯果汁 |
Lesson 42
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